Bioengineering is the application of engineering principles to address challenges in the fields of biology and medicine encompassing the principles of engineering design to the full spectrum of living systems. In surgery, recent advances in minimal invasive surgery and robotics are the culmination of the work that both engineers and surgeons have achieved in the medical field through an exciting and challenging interface. This interface rests on the medical curiosity and engineering soluti...

The articles in this issue update important topics in pediatric urology, but also address some of the more controversial clinical topics. Those topics included in this issue are Prenatal Ultrasound and Urological Anomalies, Spina Bifida and Neurogenic Bladder, Inguinal and Genital Anomalies, Voiding Dysfunction, Vesicoureteral Reflux, Hydronephrosis, Urolithiasis in Children, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) work up, Advances in Surgical Pediatric Urological Armamentarium, Pediatric Urologic ...