« La Petite Fille au ruban bleu est l’un des tableaux les plus connus de Renoir. Son modèle, Irène Cahen d’Anvers, faisait partie de la grande bourgeoisie juive de la fin du XIXᵉ siècle, très influente dans le monde de l’art. La destinée du tableau révèle les tumultes de l’époque. Commandé à Renoir en 1880 par les parents d’Irène, mécènes brillants, sa spoliation par les nazis, plus de cinquante ans plus tard, marque l’effondrement d’une élite qui finira en majorité déportée. Après la guer...

The widespread and long-held preconception that all Jews lived in ghettos and were relentlessly subject to discrimination prior to the Enlightenment has only slowly eroded. Geographically speaking, Jews rarely lived in ghettos and have never been confined within the borders of one nation or country. Power struggles and wars often led to the creation of new national borders that divided communities once united. But if identity formation is subject to change and negotiation, it does not depe...

How will we meet rising energy demands? What are our options? Are there viable long-term solutions for the future? Learn the fundamental physical, chemical and materials science at the heart of renewable/non-renewable energy sources, future transportation systems, energy efficiency and energy storage. Whether you are a student taking an energy course or a newcomer to the field, this textbook will help you understand critical relationships between the environment, energy and sustainability....