Cities play a major role in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic as many measures are adopted at the scale of cities and involve adjustments to the way urban areas operate.Drawing from case studies across the globe, this book explores how the pandemic and the policies it has prompted have caused changes in the ways cities function. The contributors examine the advancing social inequality brought on by the pandemic and suggest policies intended to contain contagion whilst managing the eco...

Scholars, thinkers, and activists around the world are paying increasing attention to a legal reform method that promises to revolutionize the way people think about Islamic law. Known as “The Objectives of the Shari‘a” (maqa?id al-shari‘a), the theory offers a way to derive and apply new Islamic laws using an ancient methodology. The theory identifies core objectives that underlie Islamic law, and then looks at inherited Islamic laws to see whether they meet those objectives. According to...

We intend this book for the undergraduate students in Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry departments. It covers 30 experiments for the inorganic chemistry.We divide the book into five chapters. Chapter I of the book, "Safety Rules for the chemistry laboratory", includes the rest for many rules that relate to almost every chemical laboratory. They cover all information for the emergency, safety equipment, safely using laboratory equipment, and basic common-sense rules.Chapter...