Up till now, Economics is written in p-q 2 dimensions. This book includes the space variable and makes Economics 3-dimensional. It then overhauls all economic theories, especially the competition theories: monopoly demand is more elastic, colluded duopoly covers the whole market; kinked demand is redundant; etc.This book is suitable for courses like Microeconomics, Customer Relation Management, Industrial Organisation, etc.

This book develops a new monopoly theory based on Hotelling’s cage model. The new single-seller model—more pragmatically—assumes a positive production cost, yet the firm can impose any price on its consumers. The monopolist holds consumers captive through geographical means or other barriers, rendering their demand curve practically vertical. Although the monopolist can abuse the price policy, this book advises restraint, lest it entice competitors and destroy its monopoly status. The prac...

You have probably heard of Ricardo’s rent theory, which is a perpendicular line. You may also have heard of the rent gradient function, which is a negative curve. So, which one is the correct rent theory? People may choose to live away from city center because of the lower rent, but why is city center still so crowded? Why do developers construct higher buildings in suburb where rent is lowest? All these questions can only be answered, after the introduction of the spatial variable into ur...

Frank Ramsey seemed like a mysterious person. He was a mathematics, but was enlisted by JM Keynes to conduct economic research. His growth paper looked very difficult, but perhaps because it was full of errors. For example, he tried too many objectives, sometimes saving, sometimes consumption, sometimes bliss. Economic growth theory has been stagnant for a long time, perhaps he should bear the great part of the responsibility.

Marginalism advocates using mathematics to tackle economic problems. This book points out that marginalist mathematics is incomplete, and thus leads to various suspicious, paradoxical, and wrong theories. For example, it claims that raising marginal productivity increases profit, that marginal cost pricing is Pareto optimal and an effective policy to regulate monopoly, that lazier workers should get higher pay, that population should be killed to raise economic growth, and that punishment ...

This book reproduces and corrects Hotelling’s “Stability in Competition”. His setup is contradictory and incomplete: he uses monopoly theory to explain competition, and fails to include production cost. This book introduces supply function to the two competitive firms, to come to the same stability conclusion. It also disproves Hotelling’s exploitation strategy, and offers a more profitable alternative.

What is marketing? According to McCarthy, it is about 4P. This book proves that only 3P’s are effective.The first P is price, but most scholars recommend only price reduction. This paper proves that sometimes price increase is the right move.The second P is place. This book is the only one to make use of this variable for more profit.The third P is product. This book proves that when you can introduce new product, that is the best P.This book objects governm...

Is road the same as traffic? Up till now, economics has treated road and traffic as one. Instead, this book handles them separately, but the two are linked together by a key element: toll, even a zero one. Is road private or public? This book shows that the distinction is not so simple. This book covers 3 road-or-traffic economists and connects their piecemeal writings to form a complete theory of road and traffic. This book detests all the existing notions of toll, especially congestion t...

Modigliani and Miller (1958) advocated more borrowing for higher rate of return. This paper uses FinTech to update their theorem. It also proves that FinTech’s multiplier is more magical than the deposit one.

Merger & Acquisition can enlarge a business to take advantage of the so-called economies of scale, but there is another conspiracy. This book teaches you how to raid a company, poor or rich, and even your own company. But if you don’t want to be a raider, do you still buy or keep those stocks?

What is business cycle? It is economic forecast. Forecasting is fortune telling; it is superstition; it is not science. This book reveals the true face of several great economic forecast models.

Papers on general equilibrium (GE), e.g., those by Arrow & Debreu (A&D), look formidable. After you have read them, you felt lost. They talked and talked, but you did not know what they were talking about, for there was nothing concrete. After they have defined many axioms, they jumped to the conclusion that there you find general equilibrium. But, basically, they did not even give a definition of what general equilibrium is. When the supply curve of a good intersects its demand curve, the...