This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of single-molecular super-resolution microscopy. It covers the behavior of light as it propagates through optical elements and specially designed optical systems, the wave nature of light and its interaction with single molecules, the photophysics of single molecules, the instrumentation and dedicated single-photon detectors necessary for single-molecule detection, and the future of quantum aspects of light in super-resolution mi...

Urea-SCR Technology for deNOx After Treatment of Diesel Exhausts presents a complete overview of theselective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia/urea. The book starts withan illustration of the technology in the framework of the current context (legislation,market, system configurations), covers the fundamental aspects of the SCR process(catalysts, chemistry, mechanism, kinetics) and analyzes its application to useful topicssuch a...

This book emphasizes the importance of the fascinating atomistic insights into the defects and the impurities as well as the dynamic behaviors in silicon materials, which have become more directly accessible over the past 20 years. Such progress has been made possible by newly developed experimental methods, first principle theories, and computer simulation techniques.The book is aimed at young researchers, scientists, and technicians in related industries. The main purposes are to...

Delivering fundamental insights into the most popular methods of molecular analysis, this text is an invaluable resource for students and researchers. It encompasses an extensive range of spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques used for molecular analysis in the life sciences, especially in the elucidation of the structure and function of biological molecules. Covering the range of up-to-date methodologies from everyday mass spectrometry and centrifugation to the more probing X-ray crys...

The focused ion beam (FIB) system is an important tool for understanding and manipulating the structure of materials at the nanoscale. Combining this system with an electron beam creates a DualBeam - a single system that can function as an imaging, analytical and sample modification tool. Presenting the principles, capabilities, challenges and applications of the FIB technique, this edited volume, first published in 2007, comprehensively covers the ion beam technology including the DualBea...

Ever since the beginning of mankind's efforts to pursue scientific inquiry into the laws of nature, visualization of the very distant and the very small has been paramount. The examples are numerous. A century ago, the atom appeared mysterious, a “raisin or plum pie of no structure,” until it was visualized on the appropriate length and time scales. Similarly, with telescopic observations, a central dogma of the cosmos was changed and complexity yielded to simplicity of the heliocentric st...

'... These volumes provide the very latest in this critical technology and are an invaluable resource for scientists in both academia and industry concerned with the semiconductor future and all of science.'Foreword by Leonard C Feldman (Director Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University, USA)Highlights![Image 1][]As we delve more deeply into the physics and chemistry of functional materials and processes, we are inexorably driven to t...

This book presents the structure formation and dynamics of animate and inanimate matter on the nanometre scale. This is a new interdisciplinary field known as Meso-Bio-Nano (MBN) science that lies at the intersection of physics, chemistry, biology and material science. Special attention in the book is devoted to investigations of the structure, properties and dynamics of complex MBN systems by means of photonic, electronic, heavy particle and atomic collisions. This includes problems of fu...

Pioneered by the pharmaceutical industry and adapted for the purposes of materials science and engineering, the combinatorial method is now widely considered a watershed in the accelerated discovery, development, and optimization of new materials. Combinatorial Materials Synthesis reveals the gears behind combinatorial materials chemistry and thin-

Fuel cell technology is quite promising for conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity without forming air pollutants. There are several types of fuel cells: polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and alkaline fuel cell (AFC). Among these, SOFCs are the most efficient and have various advantages such as flexibility in fuel, high reliability, simple balance of plant (BO...

This research monograph presents the latest results related to the characterization of low dimensional systems. Low-angle polarized neutron scattering and X-ray scattering at grazing incidence are used as the two main techniques to explore various physical phenomena of these systems. Special focus is put on systems like thin film transition metal and rare-earth layers, oxide heterostructures, hybrid systems, self-assembled nanostructures and self-diffusion.Readers will gain in-dept...

This book’s purpose and characteristics are not only to introduce the fundamental theoretical knowledge of nuclear radiation detection principles, detector preparation, and detection signal generation, but also provides a comprehensive introduction of the design, optimization, and preparation of semiconductor nuclear radiation detection. Beginning with the current materials and device processes of wide band gap semiconductors, the book focuses on the challenges and essential technologies o...