A patent claim filed in court is not decided under the "supreme law" of the land (Article I Section 8 of the Constitution) but under color of the huge and onerous Patent Law. Once an eminent domain case is filed in court it is not decided under the "supreme" law lof the land (5th Amendment) but under color of the huge and onerous Eminent Domain Law. Judges have been converted becoming the commissars and gauleiters of government and its agents, for taking property without compensation. Rece...

Cosmic Ladder distance measurements establish the linearity of Hubble's law out to a distance of about 13 bly. However, even with mitigating facts, beyond 13 bly we do not know if the Hubble law line rate increases or decreases beyond its linear line rate, to thereby know if the universe accelerates or decelerates its expansion.The Big Bang theory is an ad hoc theory based on complex mathematics of General Relativity, a theoretical model of an explosion of matter creating the Cosmi...

In the past, we have had many metaphysical astronomical theories. Today, Hubble's law is the mainstay of modern theories which reasonably explains the Observed Universe. Some theories attempt to explain phenomena of observational astronomy alleged beyond the Observed Universe summarized in Hubble's law. Modern physical cosmology is dominated by the Big Bang metaphysical theory, which attempts to bring together observational astronomy and particle physics. Many questions of astronomy turn o...

Kepler published in 1609 his empirical laws of planetary motions about the Sun. Kepler's first law says that each planet (or comet) moves on a conic with the Sun as its focus. Newton published in 1687 solutions, called orbits, which have each object moving in a circle, ellipse, parabola or hyperbola thus expanding Kepler's observations. In Newton's solutions two bodies move on two separate conics. These conics each with a focus, orbit about the center of mass (barycenter) of the two bodies...

Classical theory looks at Einstein's black holes and Hawking radiation. The observational evidence points to the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) which captured an apparent black hole on 30 April, 2019. If an absorber, the black hole image would be a doughnut with a dark center, as shown in the image detected. Such case would increase the black hole energy and presumably quickly (1) explode it and (2) create gravitational waves. Thus, classical theory predicts the apparent existence of black ...

How well do Newton's and Einstein's theories explain Kepler's observations of planetary orbits? Do Newton's laws of motion apply in Newton's gravitation? Are Kepler's Newton's and Einstein's laws universal? Does Einstein's theory replace Newton's theory?Newton's laws of motion and gravitation admit fictional centrifugal forces in angular motions and, with such fictional forces, Newton's law of gravitation acting radially predicts all types of conical orbits including Kepler's laws. ...

Observations indicate that everything spins. In this page I consider classical ideas of planetary, galactic and atomic rotations (orbits and spins). What is dark matter and can galaxies have quantized orbits? I speculate that dark matter can be explained by assuming a galaxy spins like a solid body and that some high spin rate objects (black holes, neutron stars) might have quantized orbits.

Does Einstein's theory, recent test results and detectors prove that gravitational waves exist and propagate at the speed of light? The answer is no. From searches on Google, I summarize knowledge of electromagnetic waves, gravitational waves, recent test results. I then make analysis and present conclusions.

The Observed Universe contains data at low relativistic speeds. Doppler theory says beyond that point, in the non Observed Universe, the relativistic effect deviates from Hubble's law and distance becomes infinite as speed approaches the speed of light.The Observed Universe extends to a radius of about 700 Mps and speed about a tenth of the speed of light. Doppler theory lengthens the light originating from receding matter to optical levels via redshift. Nothing is seen in the non Observed...

Because the life span of the human species is infinitesimaly small compared to that of the cosmos, no picture of the entire cosmos is beyond speculation. The problem with cosmology science is that it is pure speculation group think tied to the expansion of the universe theories propounded by general gravitation and the Big Bang. Cosmology science tied to government and academia appears resisting new ideas in exchange for funding and survival. In 1929 astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that l...

In redshift, the wavelength and time of wave change. Does the speed of light change? Locally and at the source, relativistic theories are amply determined and thus confirmed. In cosmology, however, relativistic theories assert that c = co without proof determined at the source. The Doppler effect leaves open the possibility that in cosmology relativistic theories are inapplicable.

Throughout history, there always has been tension between government and governed. Tension exhibits and change begins with a widespread "desire for change" from discontented people who feel powerless and who also have no confidence in existing culture or traditions. Price and environmental protests are people's desire for change. Competition for consumption of resources by the geometrical increase in global population is the underlying cause for price protests. The geometrical increase in ...