This Handbook provides a clear overview of the impacts of and responses to humanitarian crises. It explores their many causes, including political instability, natural disasters, and economic inequality, while highlighting the significant difficulties faced by humanitarian workers.Expert authors emphasize the evolving nature of global crises and examine the roles of climate change, technology, and shifting geopolitics in shaping catastrophes. They combine practical guidance with th...

This concise textbook covers the full spectrum of spine surgery-related topics in a comprehensive yet easy-to-follow, readily accessible format. Addressing trauma, deformity, degeneration, oncology and infections, both in pediatric and adult patients, it provides a broad overview of this complex surgical discipline.Subdivided into four parts, each chapter exhaustively addresses a clinical problem, ranging from signs and symptoms, physical examination through differential diagnoses ...

This handbook explores the challenges and opportunities for leadership and conflict response in the context of Africa at several levels.Leadership plays a vital role in affecting conflict response but is frequently only examined at the macro level of state, government, and international organizations. This handbook addresses the need to explore challenges and opportunities for leadership at several levels: macro (global, regional, national), meso (NGOs, religious groups, academics)...

This book examines the complex role identity and religion play in global peace processes.Based on multiple case studies, this book unveils the complex role identity and religion play in peace processes across the globe. It demonstrates that the success and sustainability of a peace process depends on the systemic application of the BRIDGE model that is introduced here. This model describes five major strategies (Bonding, Reassuring, Involving, Determining Guides, and Equalizing) an...

With regard to convergence policies Turkey is leaning towards Africa and the Middle Eastern countries and their efforts for global integration, thus intensifying synergy regarding Turkish language education policies. In recent years Turkish has become more popular as a world language. Turkish cultural centers opened in many countries and have played a significant role in gaining increasing interest in the Turkish language. Alongside with this development Turkish as a foreign language has c...

This Handbook offers a comprehensive examination of the peace, security, and development nexus from a global perspective, and investigates the interfaces of these issues in a context characterised by many new challenges.By bringing together more than 40 leading experts and commentators from across the world, the Handbook maps the various research agendas related to these three themes, taking stock of existing work and debates, while outlining areas for further engagement. In doing ...

The Routledge Handbook of Turkish Politics pulls together contributions from many of the world’s leading scholars on different aspects of Turkey.Turkey today is going through possibly the most turbulent period in its history, with major consequences both nationally and internationally. The country looks dramatically different from the Republic founded by Atatürk in 1923. The pace of change has been rapid and fundamental, with core interlinked changes in ruling institutions...

This book offers a comparative survey of 18 contemporary peace processes conducted by leading international scholars.There is no standard model of peace processes and all will vary according to the context, type of conflict, timing, national and global economic climate, and factors like natural disasters. Therefore, making comparisons between peace processes is difficult, but it is beneficial – indeed, imperative – and is the principal motivation behind this volume. What works in o...

This edited volume explores human security challenges in the context of Turkey.Turkey occupies a critical geopolitical position between Europe, the Middle East and the Caucasus. It is an important peace-broker in regional conflicts and a leading country in peacekeeping operations, and has been a generous donor for disaster response around the world. However, Turkey is also facing a number of fundamental sociocultural and development challenges and its internal stability is affected...

This edited volume empirically examines key theoretical and practical issues relevant to the promotion of local ownership in contemporary international peacebuilding.This book attempts to provide comprehensive understanding of the issue of local ownership in international peacebuilding. By providing an empirical analysis of nine case studies, the volume aims to supplement contemporary academic discussions on local ownership, which have thus far mainly focused on its normative or th...

The diverse nature of environmental problems mankind has encountered within the last decade has developed a new understanding of the nature of environmental processes. Currently, the environment is considered as a continuum of air, soil and water as the vital components for sustaining life on earth. The interactive nature of these components requires that the environment is managed and protected as a cohesive whole. This can only be accomplished through an integrated approach to environmen...

This book explores the challenges of transforming the violent conflict between the State of Israel and the Palestinians into just peace.There are many challenges involved in the bottom-up transformation of the violent structures that sustain the State of Israel’s occupation of Palestinian territory. This book examines these structures as it assesses the actors and strategies that are contributing to the termination of cycles of violence and oppression. Consisting of contributions f...