Pathophysiology – what is the cause? Clinical significance – what does it mean? Diagnosis and treatment – what is the predictive value? These are questions that all clinicians should continue to ask themselves from the very beginning of medical training and throughout a lifetime of practice. Organised by body system, Mechanisms of Clinical Signs 3e describes the underlying pathway, differential diagnoses and value of the clinical signs seen during physical examination. - Alphabetical listi...

A robust understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms behind clinical signs is crucial for medical students and junior doctors. Being able to accurately identify the clinical sequelae of disease during physical examination and connecting cause with consequence is the first step in correct diagnosis and treatment.For example, a patient with rheumatoid arthritis has distinctive hand changes, a patient with Parkinson’s disease has a particular tremor, and a patient with liver di...

Presented in a useful handbook style, Top 60 Signs for Nurses: Quick reference guide for best practice care outlines the evidence base and clinical value of each clinical sign to assist with interpretation. Each of the signs is related back to the mechanism of action along with clearly documented research to demonstrate the evidence base associated with this sign. - Signs are ordered alphabetically within each chapter outlining a specific body system - Extensive reference lists of up-to-da...