This book addresses the increasingly urgent question: How can governments be made more accountable for the quality of their environmental stewardship?It explores:Enhanced national State of the Environment reporting and integration of environmental outcomes in key national indicators.Mainstreaming environmental goals, targets, and risks by integrating them in fiscal policy and the annual budget—a government’s most important policy instrument.Promoti...

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) refer to arrangements under which the private sector supplies infrastructure assets and infrastructure-based services that traditionally have been provided by the government. PPPs are used for a wide range of economic and social infrastructure projects, but they are used mainly to build and operate roads, bridges and tunnels, light rail networks, airports and air traffic control systems, prisons, water and sanitation plants, hospitals, schools, and public bu...

This paper analyzes the main sources of fiscal risks, including from unexpected changes in macroeconomic variables and banking crises, which can have major consequences for countries' fiscal and public debt sustainability. It builds on an overview of existing practices in a wide range of countries to provide practical suggestions on how to promote disclosure of such risks and on risk mitigation and management. The paper was written in response to requests from IMF member countries for advi...

L’Osirion, o Osireion, si trova ad Abido sul retro del tempio di Seti I. Si tratta di una parte integrante del complesso funerario di Seti I, e fu costruito per somigliare ad una delle tomba della XVII dinastia egizia presenti nella valle dei Re. Fu scoperto dagli archeologi Flinders Petrie e Margaret Murray, i quali lo scavarono nel 1902-1903. L’Osireion fu costruito originariamente ad un livello molto basso delle fondamenta del tempio di Seti, che regnò dal 1294 al 1279 a.C. Anche se non...

Klassista taloutta itävaltalaisittain on vaikuttava kokoelmateos, joka tarjoaa työkaluja ymmärtämään nykyistä yhteiskunnallista ja taloudellista myllerrystä.Teos tuo esiin taloudellisen ajattelun näkemyksiä, joita harvemmin esitetään päivänpoliittisessa keskustelussa. Se tarjoaa vaihtoehtoisia selityksiä finanssi- ja pankkikriisille sekä nykylaman perimmäisille syille.Mukana on kirjoituksia tunnetuilta taloustieteilijöiltä kuten mm. Ludwig von Misesiltä, Murray N....