Thomas Frederick Tout (1855–1929) was arguably the most prolific English medieval historian of the early twentieth century. The son of an unsuccessful publican, he was described at his Oxford scholarship exam as ‘uncouth and untidy’; however he went on to publish hundreds of books throughout his distinguished career with a legacy that extended well beyond the academy. Tout pioneered the use of archival research, welcomed women into academia and augmented the University of Manchester’s grow...

It is a trite thing to say that all long periods of European history are ages of transition. The old order is ever passing gradually away, and a new society is ever springing up from amidst the ruins of the dying system that has done its work. But the period with which this book is concerned is transitional in no merely conventional sense. We take up the story in the early years of the tenth century, when the Dark Ages had not yet run their course. We end it in the closing years of the thi...

Part of the Twelve English Statesmen series of books. Edward I, was one of the greatest of the medieval monarchs, driven either by a deep commitment to the well being of his people, or a fierce determination to enhance his own power, depending on your viewpoint. He began the unification of the United Kingdom, and left a string of impressive monuments, in the shape of the castles that line the countryside.