The Ragamuffin War and the Making of Modern Brazil, 1835-1845The Ragamuffin War was the longest and most threatening regional rebellion in Brazilian imperial history, yet it has been largely unknown outside of southern Brazil. For nearly a decade, from 1835 to 1845, the province of Rio Grande do Sul fought to establish an independent republic, creating functioning governmental institutions, fielding effective military forces, and forcing the Brazilian Empire into a...

From shooting basics to image editing, this textbook is an all encompassing reference that can be used by students in any level of photography class as well as those studying to complete the Certified Professional Photographer program. Beginning with an overview of camera choices and basic camera functions, this guide outlines the fundamentals of lighting equipment, light theory, composition, and digital imaging while providing a comprehensive roadmap for efficiently taking images from con...

Divided into two parts, this guide shows studio owners and photographers how to increase visibility, creativity, and financial rewards in the teen and senior portrait market. The first section is focused on technical mastery, gives tips on how to refine one's technique and remain competitive and providing advice on selecting the appropriate digital equipment and added artistic elements like indoor and outdoor sets, storytelling props, and fashionable backgrounds. The second section is devo...

Armed with a digital camera, wedding attendees can create snapshots of the their friend's big day with the camera, lighting, posing, and composition skills taught in this step-by-step manual. Beginning with a discussion of digital capture basics and how to ensure the best possible exposure by selecting the appropriate ISO settings, photographers learn how to create the setting that produces the best results under any lighting conditions. Posing is also covered so that, armed with some gene...

Since Nation at Risk, NCLB and RTT, the once thought sacred institution of school boards as catalysts to ensure local control of schools is being redefined and are under heavy attack. Increasingly, school boards are disappearing from the discussion of promoting student achievement and their role as educational decision-makers have significantly declined. The aims of public education are gradually being federalized and privatized. In Vanishing School Boards, author Patrick Rice give various...

Equity, from the Boardroom to the Classroom discusses the need for districts to become Professional Learning Organizations (PLOs) which links the board’s role to Professional Learning Communities. In order to promote equity, it is vital that school boards build a culture in which all stakeholders contribute individually and collectively to accomplish district objectives.To foster a collaborative culture, boards must display “thermostat leadership” as opposed to “thermometer leaders...

From one of the foremost authorities on education in the United States, former U.S. assistant secretary of education, “whistle-blower extraordinaire” (The Wall Street Journal), author of the best-selling The Death and Life of the Great American School System (“Important and riveting”—Library Journal), The Language Police (“Impassioned . . . Fiercely argued . . . Every bit as alarming as it is illuminating”—The New York Times), and other notable ...

Much of the current discourse on improving school leadership, and particularly the performance of principals, is misguided. There is much too much emphasis on evaluation and standards as determined by policy makers and professors and not nearly enough attention to how one provides performance-driven leadership in the context of day-to-day practice.As an administrator, academic, consultant and researcher, Lytle has traveled widely in the school leadership province. This book draws on...

Paul F. Clark believes union leaders should take advantage of the valuable discoveries made in behavioral science to make their organizations more effective and, in Building More Effective Unions, he offers an accessible and straightforward account of how they can do so. The second edition provides an updated discussion of important lessons behavioral science holds for labor organizations. It also provides new examples of how unions and their leaders have benefited from putting th...

In today’s complex educational environment, it’s critical for educators to understand the policy landscape. Research-based and grounded in a non-ideological perspective, The American Education Policy Landscape is an essential guide for educators, graduate students, and policymakers alike. This accessible resource unpacks complex concepts and provides a comprehensive overview of early childhood, K-12, and higher education policy issues, including governance structures at the local,...

Over the course of American political history, political elites and organizations have often updated their political communications strategies in order to achieve longstanding political communication goals in more efficient or effective ways. But why do successful innovations occur when they do, and what motivates political actors to make choices about how to innovate their communication tactics? Covering over 300 years of political communication innovations, Ben Epstein shows how this pro...

Efficiency. Innovation. Results. Accountability. These, advocates claim, are the fruits of performance management. In recent decades government organizations have eagerly embraced the performance model—but the rush to reform has not delivered as promised.Drawing on research from state and federal levels, Moynihan illustrates how governments have emphasized some aspects of performance management—such as building measurement systems to acquire more performance data—but have neglected...