The century marking the transition from the Middle Ages to the modern era opens with a feudal legacy stemming from the internal divisions of France and England, still embroiled in the Hundred Years' War.Between mutual betrayals and the mystical figure of Joan of Arc, this historical transition marks the arrival of gunpowder in Europe, marking one of the world's epochal changes.Along with it, the invention of movable type printing and the fall of the Eastern Empire pave the wa...

The relationship between the Papacy and power that marked the period of the Avignon Papacy and the conditions that would spark the Hundred Years' War form the backdrop to the events of a French family of Norman origin torn between the concreteness of money and the revolutionary ideas of William of Ockham.These divergent paths were the seeds of future great rivalries between France and England, which began to emerge in the fourteenth century.The middle of the century was domin...

The first half of the thirteenth century is characterized by the sudden rise of the greatest empire ever.The Mongols of Genghis Khan overwhelm entire civilizations, but their military supremacy will give rise to an ephemeral world, one that a family of horse breeders will understand well, suspended between tradition and the necessary integration with superior cultures defeated in battle.In Europe, the central part of the century is dominated by the intellectual figure of Thom...

With the rise of Constantine to the helm of the Roman Empire, religion became a crucial element, along with civil wars and barbarian invasions, shaping the entire history of the fourth century. This was characterized by a continuous transformation of society, much more concerned with cultural, philosophical, and theological aspects than with military tradition.The Italics were no exception, and generations adapted to these new customs, a clear sign of a decline that was both inevita...

The vain attempt to reconcile knowledge, expressed in philosophical, theological, artistic, and scientific forms, with the harshness of history characterizes the history of the twelfth century.On the one hand, there are magnificent examples, such as the Norman cultural renaissance of Sicily under Roger II, up to the great intellectual peaks of Anselm of Aosta, Peter Abelard, and Averroes. On the other, there are the eternal imperial struggles against the Papacy or the emerging commu...

The great power of human culture and knowledge, expressed in multiple aspects of daily life and speculative reflection, did not seem sufficient to stem the violence of arms and the prevalence of war in a century, the eighth, which saw the peak of the Islamic Caliphate and the Lombard kingdom's expansion, while an intense unifying drive attempted to create a new Empire after centuries of fragmentation.This dichotomy underpinned the triple vicissitudes of various families who, from on...

The fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire due to internal struggles among Charlemagne's heirs and the arrival of Norman history marked the unfolding of events in the ninth century, through a relentless succession of hopes and immediate disillusionments regarding a past that was not destined to repeat itself.At the same time, the individual families belonging to these peoples tended to follow events, following the decisions of others. The Empire crumbled, and with it, the history of...

The sack of Rome by the Visigoths opens the history of the fifth century, which witnesses the definitive decline of the Western Roman Empire and Italy as the central hub of the world known until then.The ensuing decline of society continues for generations until the effective dismemberment of every pre-established order, bringing the history of the Italics to its final conclusion.No longer united, but divided, as would happen to future peoples, their entire tradition crumbles...

As the eleventh century unfolded, the clash of civilizations became increasingly evident.Starting from the great cultural and enlightened era associated with the studies of Ibn Sina, under the Shiite Islamic dynasty of the Buwayhids, destined to succumb to the blows of the Seljuks, the story moves to Normandy, following the vicissitudes of the battles in France and then in England during the reign of William the Conqueror.The century ended with a blaze of violence, unleashed ...

Servio Italico's choice to break with his family's traditions will give rise to a lineage that, for five generations, will walk alongside the history of the first century.From the defeat of Teutoburg to the conquest of Britain, from the death of Octavian Augustus to the fire of Rome, from the eruption of Vesuvius to the first campaign of Dacia, men and women will find themselves in the presence of the founding idea of the Roman Empire, shaken by novelties and evolutions in an attemp...

Two families, two social and cultural contexts contiguous in space and time, are totally confined and divided not only by precise political choices, but also by the actions of individual people.In apartheid South Africa, an in itself paradoxical situation becomes normality for decades and the same subsequent turning point overturns prejudices and expectations.Entire communities suffer the consequences, adapting and changing, despite a rigid distinction destined to implode und...

Following the family saga originated by Servius Italicus, his descendants will find themselves facing new challenges and new problems, unfolding throughout the second century.The conquest of Dacia, the endless wars against the Parthians, the barbarian incursions will mark the territorial and cultural expansion of the adoptive principality, one of the most glorious pages of the Empire until the definitive caesura given by the Antonine plague and the civil war.In the background...