This book first surveys the relevant research progress of major institutions, organizations, projects and companies engaged in 6G research around the world, then comprehensively defines 6G from the perspectives of driving forces, vision, requirements, spectrum and technical characteristics, illustrating a complete picture of an end-to-end 6G mobile network with integration of communication, sensing, AI, data and security. The most promising technologies are presented, including distributed...

Analysis of Microplastics and Nanoplastics comprehensively overviews the common analytical methods for microplastic and nanoplastic analysis. With a strong focus on sustainability, the book covers the analysis process from sampling, separation/enrichment, observation to identification of polymer composition and a presentation of data. This book presents the unique features of microplastics and nanoplastics as particle contaminants, their heterogenous distribution in the environments and bi...

Pigments act as tracers to elucidate the fate of phytoplankton in the world's oceans and are often associated with important biogeochemical cycles related to carbon dynamics in the oceans. They are increasingly used in in situ and remote-sensing applications, detecting algal biomass and major taxa through changes in water colour. This book is a follow-up to the 1997 volume Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography (UNESCO Press). Since then, there have been many advances concerning phytoplank...

Fundamentals of 5G Mobile Networks provides an overview of the key features of the 5th Generation (5G) mobile networks, discussing the motivation for 5G and the main challenges in developing this new technology. This book provides an insight into the key areas of research that will define this new system technology paving the path towards future research and development. The book is multi-disciplinary in nature, and aims to cover a whole host of intertwined subjects that will pred...

Bio-nanocomposites combine the enhanced properties of commercial polymer nanocomposites with the low environmental impact of biodegradable material, making them a topic of great current interest. Because of their tremendous role in reducing dependency on commercial non-biodegradable polymers, and their environmentally-friendly nature, bio-nanocomposites need to be studied in greater detail. In this book, recent advancements in their development are brought together in a single text, to pro...

Characterization and Analysis of Microplastics, Volume 75 presents the latest information on new and published analytical methodologies for the identification and quantification of microplastics. This series focuses on a variety of interesting topics surrounding the field of microplastics, with this new release in the series covering sampling and sample handing, the characterization of microplastics by raman spectroscopy, and techniques for assessing the chemical compounds related to micro...

Applications of radioactive and stable isotopes have revolutionized our understanding of the Earth and near-earth surface processes. The utility of the isotopes are ever-increasing and our sole focus is to bring out the applications of these isotopes as tracers and chronometers to a wider audience so that they can be used as powerful tools to solve environmental problems. New developments in this field remain mostly in peer-reviewed journal articles and hence our goal is to synthesize thes...

Nanopollutants are nanoparticles that have escaped into the environment and can include engineered nanoparticles as well as nanoparticles that are products of degradation (e.g. nanoplastics) or other processes. As many of these particles are only recently developed or described there is still a lot to learn about where they come from, where they end up and what risks they pose to health and the environment.Offering a wide overview of the most recent research on these emerg...

This second edition of Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments: An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency presents 14 chapters, through which a team of global, expert contributors cover a full range of microplastic research. The first chapter describes the general patterns for sources, occurrence, and transport of microplastics to lead off the book. The next batch of chapters covers sampling analytical methods for quantifying microplastics in the environment, followed by chapt...

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled rapid enhancements for applications, not only in home and environment scenarios, but also in factory automation. Now, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) offers all the advantages of IoT to industry, with applications ranging from remote sensing and actuating, to de-centralization and autonomy.In this book, the editor presents the IIoT and its place during the new industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) as it takes us to a bet...

Sample Handling and Trace Analysis of Pollutants: Innovations to Determine Organic Contaminants, Second Edition reviews the latest technologies and challenges in trace analysis of environmental pollutants, from selecting the right approach to tips for performing analytic procedures and measuring and reporting results. Written by internationally renowned experts in environmental analysis from 5 continents and edited by leaders in the field, this completely updated and revised volume present...

Embedded and Networking Systems: Design, Software, and Implementation explores issues related to the design and synthesis of high-performance embedded computer systems and networks. The emphasis is on the fundamental concepts and analytical techniques that are applicable to a range of embedded and networking applications, rather than on specific embedded architectures, software development, or system-level integration. This system point of view guides designers in dealing ...