The book presents a complete new methodology for the on-board measurements and modeling of gas concentrations in turbocharged diesel engines. It provides the readers with a comprehensive review of the state-of-art in NOx and lambda estimation and describes new important achievements accomplished by the author. These include: the online characterization of lambda and NOx sensors; the development of control-oriented models of lambda and NOx emissions; the design of computationally efficient ...

Just 5 miles south from the Welsh capital of Cardiff lies the charming seaside town of Penarth. It boasts some fine examples of Victorian and Edwardian architecture from the town’s heyday in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when it was fondly referred to as ‘the garden by the sea’. David Ings guides the reader along its elegant seafront and through the charismatic streets; with the help of a handy location map, readers are invited along to discover for themselves the changing ...

Penarth Through Time is a unique insight into the illustrious history of this part of Wales. Reproduced in full colour, this is an exciting examination of the well-known streets and famous faces, and what they meant to the people of this area throughout the 19th and into the 20th Century. Looking beyond the exquisite exterior of these well-kept photos, readers can see the historical context in which they are set, and through the author's factual captions for every picture, and carefully-se...

Organizations embark on open innovation initiatives to sweep in external knowledge, practices and resources in cooperation with partners. This contrasts to the mainstream private innovation approach of in-house research and development sponsored solely by an incorporated funder, with intellectual property protected by copyright. Few organizations simultaneously engage in both approaches, within and across the levels of programs, projects and individuals. How does lear...

This is an Open Access book.In 2015, Industry 4.0 was announced with the rise of industrialization by the European Parliament, supporting policy, research, and infrastructure funding. In 2020, Industry 5.0 was launched as an evolution of Industry 4.0, towards societal and ecological values in a sustainable, human-centric, and resilient transition. In 2023, the IN4ACT research project team completed 4 years of research on the impact on these initiatives.Presentations reviewi...

There are certain towns and cities that have an immediate effect on arrival, and certainly Bristol is one of those places. Whether you arrive into Bristol via her wonderful station, or drive past that impressive gorge traversed by Brunel’s glorious suspension bridge, you feel lifted, a distinct feeling that, here is somewhere I will enjoy staying. This is no illusion, for in many ways, lucky old Bristol, really does have it all - an impressive, vibrant dock area, sl...

The City of Newcastle is situated on the north bank of the River Tyne. It is thought that the city has had almost 2,000 years of continuous habitation, dating as far back as Roman times. By the eighteenth century, Newcastle was the most important city in the North East, and it continues to be a thriving and populous centre to this day. This is the second collection of images from John Carlson and Joyce Carlson. With an introduction by Howard Goldsbrough, the book draws on numerous pictoria...

Bournemouth has an easy and relaxed feel to it, the mixture of fine buildings, colourful parks and its glorious beaches, ensure Bournemouth is still one of the south coast’s premier destinations. There is certainly no shortage of things to see and do, in and around Bournemouth. As you descend into Bournemouth from any of its many approaches (it sits in a valley or chine), you immediately feel that Bournemouth has that extra dimension. Bookopedia Compa...

If you  want to see just how far Liverpool has come since hosting the Capital of Culture Year, there is probably no better place to start than down by the Mersey. The central area of the city has managed to pull off that delicate balancing act of keeping the best of the old while shoe-horning in the latest facilities.   'Liverpool One' shopping complex has attempted to create that most elusive of design tricks - creating street precincts rather than the usual central block ...

Felixstowe owes its existence to the 19th-century fashion for seaside holidays when the gentry and businessmen chose to build their summer residences in the parishes of Walton and Felixstowe. In earlier centuries Walton had been the more significant settlement, with a manor and a castle. Even the later fort guarding the Suffolk side of Harwich harbour was often considered to be part of Essex. When the Dutch landed on the Common in 1667 and were defeated by Land guard Fort's garrison, all E...

Both the town of Newcastle-under-Lyme and its name almost certainly owe their existence to the building of a 'new' castle there in the mid-twelfth century. The town's importance gradually grew from the twelfth to the eighteenth century by which time Newcastle was the place to go for markets, fairs, doctors, banks and lawyers and it has been referred to elsewhere as the 'Capital of North Staffordshire' during that period.Throughout the last century, 'progress' has wrought huge changes on th...

Aberystwyth started life as a garrison town for the Normans in 1277. For centuries fishing, sea faring, lead mining and agriculture were the mainstays of the local economy. Today's vitality originates from a few tumultuous years during the 1860s which changed Aberystwyth from being a remote market town, port and watering-hole for the wealthier classes to a bustling holiday resort with a new university. With a mile of promenade, beaches, a harbour, ruined castle, medieval street plan, Unive...