These notes are restricted to those geochemical methods which have been used to quantify rates of groundwater recharge. There have been two main approaches. The first involves the use of mass balances and mixing cell models, mainly using conservative (non-reacting) dissolved species. The methods range in complexity from simple back-of-the-envelope calculations (zero-dimensional chloride mass balance), to complex three-dimensional computer models. The second approach seeks to estimate the age ...

Electromagnetic induction (EM) techniques are used in recharge/discharge studies by providing measurements of the apparent electrical conductivity of soil profiles. This booklet provides a summary of EM techniques that are most widely used. A number of case studies are presented which demonstrate the applications of the techniques to field problems.

Analytical methods of assessing the response of groundwater levels to a range of factors, including elastic (barometric and tidal) influences in confined aquifers and recharge to unconfined aquifers due to infiltration of rain and other surface water, are presented. Responses in a confined aquifer to distant recharge events and the associated time lag is discussed. Also covered are responses to changes in storage volume resulting from direct recharge at the outcrop of an unconfined aquifer sy...

This booklet outlines the properties of geological materials which enable them to accept, store and transmit groundwater, together with a description of the principal types of aquifer which are commonly found to occur in the field. Sources of groundwater are described in order to provide an understanding of the hydrogeological modelling exercise. The governing equations for steady state and non-steady state (transient) groundwater flow, are presented together with a brief overview of a range ...

This booklet covers the soil tracer techniques that have been shown to be useful for Australian situations. These important tracer techniques include those involving surface-applied tracers, historically-applied tracers and environmental soil tracers.

Before you begin to explore the outer space, it is important that you not be an alien to your own planet first. This picture book will take you to the amazing depths of the big, blue sea. Here, you will learn to identify marine creatures. The use of child-friendly graphics and tone in this book will help in the successful delivery of your message. Order a copy now!

This paper addresses the need to model recharge to groundwater systems at the scale of whole catchments. It looks at developing the right conceptual model of how water moves through a given landscape for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catchments. One-dimensional recharge models and three-dimensional recharge models are considered. Discussion of which recharge modelling approach to use take in consideration of the availability of data, the nature of the questions being asked, and the ex...

Choanoflagellates have three distinctive claims to fame: they are the closest, living, unicellular relatives of animals; they are a major component of aquatic microbial foodwebs; and one group is remarkable for its siliceous basket-like coverings. This landmark book offers a unique synthesis of over forty years of choanoflagellates research. Key areas are covered, from the phylogenetic evidence supporting the sister-group relationship between choanoflagellates and Metazoa, to choanoflagell...

This is the second monograph by the author on biological materials of marine origin. The initial book is dedicated to the biological materials of marine invertebrates. This work is a source of modern knowledge on biomineralization, biomimetics and materials science with respect to marine vertebrates. For the first time in scientific literature the author gives the most coherent analysis of the nature, origin and evolution of biocomposites and biopolymers isolated from and observed in the b...

This book comprehensively introduces recent important studies on coral reefs from various research fields including biology, ecology, chemistry, the earth sciences, and conservation studies. Coral reef is one of the important ecosystems characterized by high biodiversity and the beauty. Coral reefs around Japan are located at the northern limit, composed by mainly fringing reefs along archipelago, and easily impacted by human activities. Thus, coral reef studies around Japan have provided ...

Upwelling systems are special places in the oceans where nutrient-enriched water is brought into the euphotic zone to fuel phytoplankton blooms that, via marine food-web interactions, create the world’s richest fish resources. This book introduces the reader to the interdisciplinary science of upwelling and provides a comprehensive overview of the world’s most productive marine ecosystems in the context of climate variability, climate change and human exploitation. This material presented ...

The book presents recent research on marine ecology in different parts of the world. It aims to shed light on relevant topics for budding marine ecologists.The “blue soup” of Planet Earth, which comprises both biotic and abiotic components, is essential to keeping the wheel of civilization running. Four major ecosystem service categories have been identified within this context, namely provisioning services such as water, food, mangrove timber, honey, fish, wax, fuel wood,...