The goal of this text is to provide the reader with the tools for making an informed choice among all the available therapeutic possibilities for saving a natural tooth or replacing it with or without an osseointegrated implant. The set of strategies for preserving natural teeth involves complex endodontic retreatments, resulting from previous failures that combine anatomical peculiarities and technical errors, including fractured endodontic instruments or perforations. Some of these issue...

The ten chapters of the volume answer to fundamental questions about this area and the clinician who faces an apical pathology of endodontic origin will therefore have the solutions.The aim of this text/atlas is to provide a guide to the diagnostic approach and to the execution of endodontic retreatments of complex cases.The book is enriched by over 150 clinical cases by world-famous authors of various nationalities and illustrated with a high-quality iconography, expansion b...

• When is a treatment considered ineffective? • How is a failed treatment diagnosed radiologically? • Is a retreatment always indicated? • What are the best solutions for correct disinfection and irrigation? • Which are the most appropriate obturation techniques in retreatments? • When should a lesion of apical origin be considered resolved? • What type of restorations may be performed in teeth with retreatments? • Which are the most appropriate techniques for the removal of endocanalar ma...