Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson were staunch opponents of a national bank. When President Jackson let the charter of the second bank lapse after 20 years it left the nation unprepared and powerless to respond quickly or effectively to major economic declines or emergencies. J. Pierpont Morgan became America's central bank initiating monetary policies that saved the nation from a severe depression on more than one occasion. During the Panic of 1907 Pierpont called a meeting of all the l...

How does the bitcoin protocol work? A person cannot mix indefinite bitcoins. The bitcoin protocol states that there will only be twenty-one million bitcoins to be produced by the miners. These bitcoins will then be subdivided into smaller bits. The smallest bit is called ‘satoshi’ named after the bitcoin founder and the divisible amount is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin. Bitcoin currency is based on mathematical formulas unlike our conventional currency that is based on...

This primer will give you everything you need to know rather than everything there is to know about gold and inflation. From the birth of money to current gold investment vehicles, The Prudent Investor's Guide to Owning Gold is a great guide for those interested in investing in the most famous of precious metals. Furthermore, it will likely prompt concern with where the dollar is headed as it highlights the current state of inflation and the potential threat of hyperinflation.

Moses (Moshe) Hess (June 21, 1812 April 6, 1875) was a Jewish philosopher and socialist, and one of the founders of Zionism. Hess originally advocated Jewish integration into the universalist socialist movement, and was a friend and collaborator of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Hess converted Engels to Communism, and introduced Marx to social and economic problems. He played an important role in transforming Hegelian dialectical idealism theory of history to the dialectical materialism of ...

When American Occupation troops withdrew from Japan did they leave behind a truly independent country? Or did they leave in place a behindthescenes network that determined much of the course of Japanese politics for decades to come?Painstakingly researched, by authors who have between them over fifty years of experience in Japan, this book looks at aspects of the JapanU.S. relationship that others have missed or avoided. At the heart of the book is the story of ...

Understand inflation in no time! Find out everything you need to know about making informed investment choices with this practical and accessible guide.Inflation is an important consideration for anyone looking to make a smart investment, as it will affect the real value of the money involved and can also have a direct effect on interest rates. However, many investors fail to take it into account, even though the mechanisms of inflation are fairly simple to underst...

The Logic of the Market by Weiying Zhang—considered China’s “leading market liberal”—comprises his most influential essays on economics over the past three decades. First published in China in 2010, this revised edition contains three new essays, which offer those outside China a deeper understanding of the Chinese economy. “Market competition is a really just competition to create value for others… Only through this approach did the Western economy advance over the past 200 years. It is a...

The Canadian experience with a floating exchange rate regime can shed some light on the question of whether A question of current interest in many parts of the world is whether with growing economic integration among groups of countries makes a fixed exchange rate, or even a common currency, becomes more desirable. This paper looks at the lessons that one may draw from tThe Canadian experience, with a floating exchange rate regime, especially since the inception of the 1989 U.S.-Canada Fre...

As large emerging market economies take on an increasing role in the global economy, it is useful to explore the possibility of their currencies attaining “international” status. The benefits of currency “internationalization” have to be balanced against country-specific and systemic risks which could result, for instance, from sudden portfolio shifts and reduced network externalities. In this context, the paper contributes to the debate on strengthening the IMS by surveying the evolving l...

In order to compete in todays global marketplace, it is essential that businesses large and small accept credit and debit cards from their customers. Credit and debit card usage continues to rise; if you dont want your customer going to one of your competitors, you must accept plastic.You need to establish a merchant account. Plenty of providers offer these processing services, but not all of them will share in your companys vision. In this guide, author Michael Mintz