Comprehensive review of current research on the causes of major fungal, bacterial and viral diseases of tree fruitSummarises current understanding of the ecology of key insect pests of tree fruitAssesses ways of improving integrated disease and pest management, with a particular focus on biological control

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) play a vital role in economic growth, job creation, and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Despite their significance, many MSEs encounter ongoing challenges related to finance, regulation, market access, and adopting new technologies.This book presents a comparative analysis of MSE sustainability in India and Kenya, offering valuable insights into the policy environments, institutional support systems, and economic conditions that shape...

Results of regular monitoring of the species diversity and structure of plant communities is used by conservation biologists to help understand impacts of perturbations caused by humans and other environmental factors on ecosystems worldwide. Changes in plant communities can, for example, be a reflection of increased levels of pollution, a response to long-term climate change, or the result of shifts in land-use practices by the human population. This book presents a series of essays on th...