This Element explores online harms experienced by children in the metaverse and considers the implications through a criminological lens. Drawing on research from the VIRRAC project, funded by REPHRAIN, it includes insights from industry experts, practitioners, and young people. The Element examines how criminological theories help us understand children's experiences online, while highlighting gaps in knowledge, resources, and training among professionals responsible for safeguarding agai...

Literature in the child abuse and child protection arena has tended to adopt either a practice or legal perspective. Drawing on their expertise as researchers and leaders in their field, Julia Davison and Antonia Bifulco offer a comprehensive and cohesive book on child abuse and child protection, drawing on both criminological and psychological perspectives on all forms of child maltreatment and child protection practice together with impacts on the victims.This book considers a ra...

Child Sexual Abuse critically evaluates the development of policy and legislative measures to control sex offenders. The last fifteen years has seen increasing concern on the part of the government, criminal justice agencies, the media and the public, regarding child sexual abuse. This concern has been prompted by a series of events including cases inviting media attention and involving the abduction, sexual abuse and murder of young children. The response to this wave of child se...

Internet Child Abuse: Current Research and Policy provides a timely overview of international policy, legislation and offender management and treatment practice in the area of Internet child abuse. Internet use has grown considerably over the last five years, and information technology now forms a core part of the formal education system in many countries. There is however, increasing evidence that the Internet is used by some adults to access children and young people in order to...

This book provides a multi-disciplinary understanding of pathways into and out of youth cybercrime, and evidence-led ways to tackle the cybercrime epidemic, drawing on theoretical perspectives and insights from the largest European H2020 study of youth cybercrime undertaken to date.As societies are incorporating cyberspace into daily routines, people are increasingly at risk of exposure to cybercriminal activity. Many young people today are never truly offline; there is no dichotom...