In this brief the authors introduce a series of recently developed bio-based solvents including cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME), γ-valerolactone (GVL), 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF), propylene carbonate (PC), and cyrene. Traditional organic solvents used for organic synthesis (such as benzene, ether, chloroform) have a series drawbacks on toxicity, environmental impact, and safely related issues. In addition, the fossil fuel-derived organic solvents are not sustainable. Therefore the ...

Computational Welding Mechanics for Engineering Application: Buckling Distortion of Thin Plate and Residual Stress of Thick Plate deals with two special issues in the field of computational welding mechanics: buckling distortion of thin plate and residual stress of thick plate.Through experiment, theory, and computational analysis, the authors systematically introduce the latest progress and achievements of computational welding mechanics, such as weld buckling in ...

This book emphasizes the atom economy aspect of multicomponent reactions. It describes how this methodology has been applied to several named reactions. Among the “twelve principles of green chemistry”, atom economy addresses ‘synthetic efficiency’. A multicomponent reaction can be defined as an energy, cost, and time efficient method for organic synthesis. Instead of making one or two bonds in a chemical transformation, multicomponent reactions generate several chemical bonds in a single ...

This volume theorizes the concept of citizenship in contemporary China by probing into the formation of Chinese citizenship and synthesizing the practices of citizenship by different social groups. The first section, “Imagining Chinese Citizenship,” analyses how Chinese citizenship was first imagined by means of translation and education at the beginning of the twentieth century. The Chinese citizenship was then compared with the concept of Western citizenship and that of other Asian count...

Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and SensorsA systematic and complete discussion of the latest progress in flexible piezoelectric energy harvesting and sensing technologiesIn Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive exploration of the design methods, working mechanisms, microfabrication processes, and applications of flexible energy harvesters for wea...

This book focuses on the fault-tolerant cooperative control (FTCC) of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAVs). It provides systematic and comprehensive descriptions of FTCC issues in multi-UAVs concerning faults, external disturbances, strongly unknown nonlinearities, and input saturation. Further, it addresses FTCC design from longitudinal motions to attitude motions, and outer-loop position motions of multi-UAVs. The book’s detailed control schemes can be used to enhance the fligh...

The monograph explores the safety of unmanned flight vehicles via the corresponding fault-tolerant control design methods.The authors analyse the safety control issues of unmanned flight vehicles, which include finite-time recovery against faults, concurrence of actuator faults and sensor faults, concurrence of actuator faults and wind effects, and faults encountered by a portion of unmanned flight vehicles in a distributed communication network. In addition, the commonly used simp...