This book is unique in that, while employing the language of differential geometry, it systematically introduces all the essential concepts of both gravitational physics and differential geometry itself. In sprit, it is similar to celebrated texts such as Gravitation by Misner, Thorne, and Wheeler and Carroll's Spacetime and Geometry, in that it prioritizes physical intuition over rigorous formalism.Readers will find a comprehensive treatment of relativity, spanning from special to...

Chen examines the Chinese Nationalist government's distinctive support for private Muslim teachers schools between the 1920s and 1940s, and explores the complex relationship between these institutions and the Chinese state during the Republican period.In 1933, the government issued the Teachers Schools Regulations, mandating that all teachers schools be state-run. However, the Nationalists viewed private Muslim teachers schools as valuable allies in their efforts to assert influenc...

A beautifully photographed and designed cookbook and guide to the cultural phenomenon that is boba, or bubble tea--featuring recipes and reflections from The Boba Guys tea shops.Andrew Chau and Bin Chen realized in 2011 that boba--the milk teas and fruit juices laced with chewy tapioca balls from Taiwan that were exploding in popularity in the States--was still made from powders and mixes. No one in the U.S. was making boba with the careful attention it deserved, o...

This book derives an explicit analytical pattern (or framework) that permits the examination and optimization of biogas production systems. It provides a concise overview of the current status of biogas and biogas coupled agricultural systems in China, and introduces evaluation methods for energy efficiency, environmental emissions, economic performance and sustainability assessment approaches. Based on empirical studies, it also explores future options for the system development by focusi...

The need for optimal partition arises from many real-world problems involving the distribution of limited resources to many users. The “clustering” problem, which has recently received a lot of attention, is a special case of optimal partitioning. This book is the first attempt to collect all theoretical developments of optimal partitions, many of them derived by the authors, in an accessible place for easy reference. Much more than simply collecting the results, the book provides a genera...

This book provides an overview of electronic and optical properties of graphite-related systems. It presents a well-developed and up-to-date theoretical model and addresses important advances in essential properties and diverse quantization phenomena. Key features include various Hamiltonian models, dimension-enriched carbon-related systems, complete and unusual results, detailed comparisons with the experimental measurements, clear physical pictures, and further generalizations to other e...

In Social Economy in Asia: Realities and Perspectives, thirteen scholars from various academic disciplines analyze the reality and different understandings of the social economy in Asia. By providing detailed case studies, engaging in comparative and global discussions, and examining theoretical and policy-relevant implications, the contributors to this collection argue that the Asian social economy has uniquely benefited as a modern economic system with a human-centric approach.

The problems in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) are not only novel and interesting but also deeply rooted in profound mathematical context. The team at the International Mathematical Olympiad Research Center at East China Normal University has compiled and studied problems from past IMOs, dividing them into four volumes based on the mathematical fields involved: algebra, geometry, number theory, and combinatorics.In the algebra volume, the IMO algebra problems are org...

COVID-19: The Essentials of Prevention and Treatment elaborates on the ethology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment principles, rehabilitation and prevention, and prevention and control measures for COVID-19. Aimed at healthcare workers, and written to be a practical guide, six chapters cover the following aspects of COVID-19: respiratory viruses; pathogenesis; case definitions and diagnosis; treatment; prevention and disease control; and prospects for the mana...

This book provides a concise and in-depth exposition of distributed control and optimization problems of multi-agent systems. The book integrates various ideas and tools from dynamic systems, control theory, graph theory, and optimization to address the special challenges posed by such complexities in the environment as communication delay, topological dynamics, and environmental uncertainties. In order to deal with the mismatched uncertainties and time delay, observer-based controller and...

This book addresses the needs of researchers and practitioners in the field of high-speed trains, especially those whose work involves safety and reliability issues in traction systems. It will appeal to researchers and graduate students at institutions of higher learning, research labs, and in the industrial R&D sector, catering to a readership from a broad range of disciplines including intelligent transportation, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, the ...

Multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) and uncertain optimization problems (UOPs) which widely exist in real life are challengeable problems in the fields of decision making, system designing, and scheduling, amongst others. Decomposition exploits the ideas of ‘making things simple’ and ‘divide and conquer’ to transform a complex problem into a series of simple ones with the aim of reducing the computational complexity. In order to tackle the abovementioned two types of compl...