This book presents recent advances in foreign language education as well as recent work on Chinese language education and CFL teacher development in international contexts. It also reports the results of three qualitative studies on the experiences and beliefs of teachers of the Chinese language in in Denmark.There are rising concerns over quality issues in both Chinese language education and teacher development in Scandinavian countries and worldwide, broadly due to China’s rapid ...

This book makes both empirical and conceptual contributions to the debate on privatization of higher education in China. Empirically, it aims to fill a gap in our knowledge of privatization of higher education in North China. To this end, Beijing was chosen as a case for analysis, and nine local higher educational institutions were visited. The case study strategy is also complemented by an extensive review of national policies to reveal problems beyond the specific case of Beijing and of ...

This book presents an empirical study to develop and validate a proficiency scale of business English writing in the Chinese tertiary context. Through a mixture of intuitive, quantitative and qualitative methods, the book demonstrates how a pool of descriptors are collectively formulated, statistically calibrated and meticulously validated for the establishment of a proficiency scale of business English writing. The writing scale differs in significant ways from the existing language scale...

This book provides a comprehensive overview for physical layer security in wireless cooperative networks, including fundamental concepts, typical solutions, and some recent achievements. It investigates the secrecy performance with respect to time reversal transmission and multi-antenna spatial modulation techniques. Both of which are proposed as effective physical layer processing schemes in wireless multipath channel environment.Resource allocation strategies to enhance secrecy p...

This SpringerBrief focuses on crucial issues for device-to-device (D2D) communications within the rapidly expanding 4G LTE toward 5G system. Several critical technical challenges in D2D communications are discussed, and D2D standardization activities in 3GPP are provided. Topics range from proximity discovery and mode selection, to resource management. The authors investigate proximity detection solutions for enabling direct user equipment communication by listening to uplink transmission....

This book reflects the latest research trends, methods, and experimental results in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Transportation, which covers abundant state-of-the-art research theories and ideas. As a vital research area that is highly relevant to current developments in a number of technological domains, the topics covered include Autonomous Transportation Systems, Autonomous Transportation Management and Control Technology, Autonomous Transportation Equipment Tech...

This Element examines how international heritage discourses are internalized and reshaped in China, using the Yellow Emperor cults as a lens to explore broader themes of intangible heritage, religious resurgence, and identity construction. The central argument is that cultural heritage serves as a powerful tool for shaping new religious expressions and enabling Chinese localities to assert their uniqueness while redefining historical narratives. Through case studies of several localities a...

Amid the rapid currents of globalization and digitization, human society is being reshaped at an unprecedented rate. From macro-level social structures to the microcosm of individual lives, from traditional agrarian societies to modern information-age communities, the tentacles of transformation reach everywhere. Changes in family-based modes of production, the evolution of organizational forms, the reconfiguration of humankind's relationship with the natural world, and the shifting patter...

Focusing on the fundamental grammatical units and construction in modern Chinese, this title is the first volume of a classic on modern Chinese grammar by WANG Li, one of the most distinguished Chinese linguists.Based on the corpus of two classic Chinese novels and being part of a four-volume set that describes the various linguistic patterns of modern Chinese grammar, this volume first distinguishes Chinese characters from words, categorizes words into different word classes and d...

Data Science in Metal Forming provides readers with a framework to collect, visualize, analyze, and characterize metal forming metadata, thus enabling improved design, more efficient production, and more effective application of a range of metals. Chapters introduce concepts and discuss industry 4.0, digital manufacturing, and more. Other sections feature case studies of metal forming data collection spanning several essential procedures and outline methods for data processing when lacking...

As the first volume of a two-volume set on the history of Chinese phonology, this book introduces the basics of the discipline and charts the history of phonology from the pre-Qin period to the Song dynasty.Based on abundant phonological materials, the author divides the history of Chinese phonology into nine historical periods, which helps illuminate its evolutions and principles. The first part of the book explains the fundamental concepts of the history and studies of Chinese ph...

This open access book invites readers to learn how to develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms to perform their research in oceanography. Various examples are exhibited to guide details of how to feed the big ocean data into the AI models to analyze and achieve optimized results. The number of scholars engaged in AI oceanography research will increase exponentially in the next decade. Therefore, this book will serve as a benchmark providing insights for scholars and graduate s...