Prologue.Aesthetics is the emotional perception of beauty introduced by Baumgarten (1714-1762) in Germany during the mid-18th century.Aesthetics, with the goal of systematically interpreting aesthetic values, traces its philosophical origins back to ancient Greece.To understand the perception of beauty in both the East and the West, we investigate the philosophical foundations of aesthetic judgment found in Greek aesthetics, Eastern Confucianism, Buddhism, Zen aesthet...

East communicates with West 1(In English, 2023).Prologue.Dutch historian Johan Huizinga (1872-1945) released \"The Autumn of the Middle Ages\" in 1919, offering profound insights into the medieval era and shedding light on its dark times. With a deep understanding of language, Huizinga becomes captivated by play and devotes himself to the study of games within the course of history. The medieval period is a beautiful sunset that occurs as darkness descends, symbolized by su...

Prologue.The Diamond that cuts through illusion is the last sutra of World-Honored One. It contains so much valuable wisdom. Staying in Anathapindika’s garden in the Jeta Grove near Sravasti, the Buddha awakens the Great Integrity. He teaches to get out of ignorance and agony to find the original nature. He urges to stop rational thinking with serene sensibility and wisdom. All composed world is like a dream or an illusion, like dew drops or lightning flashes.

Prologue.Through the historical narrative presented in the film, we gain insights into America, a pivotal force in the world.The stories of 46 U.S. presidents and 10 movies allow us to delve into the intense conflict between the silver and gold standards throughout American history.The Roman Empire serves as another pivotal force in the world, with its core bases shifting from Rome to Constantinople (Istanbul) in the Eastern Roman Empire, Frankfurt and Vienna in the H...

Prologue.Due to the impact of ethnic circumstances left in history, the ethnic characteristics remain, approaching the humanities journey through the clarity of comprehensive historiography.Following the trajectory of the history of each country, changed at the whims of the goddess of luck, Fortuna, the humanities journey explores the paths of history.In contrast to the Tu\'kke of Greek mythology, who left luck to the dice, in Roman mythology, Fortuna determines desti...

Prologue.Hegel regards the Absolute Spirit as continuously developing dialectically.Hegel\'s insight into the development process of the Absolute Spirit through the dialectics of contradiction and opposition is remarkable, but it is a mistake to think that all spirits and things undergo infinite development.The spirit of modern Western civilization clashes sharply with the cyclical thinking of the East with its linear thinking.As material civilization reaches i...

Prologue.In baseball and soccer, the outcome is determined by the coach\'s tactics.To maximize performance and profits, it is necessary to delight customers and fans with quick information gathering and accurate analysis based on vast data.The coach, who is responsible for the entire game, must respect the individuality of the players, acknowledge the unique authority of the coaches, and accommodate the demands of the audience, while also considering the strategy for ...

화이트헤드의 언어로 세상을 성찰하다(In Korean, 2023 개정판).프롤로그화이트헤드(1861-1947)는 영국의 철학자이다. 이성은 공허한 구체성을 향한 충동이라 단언한다. 그 충동은 공허하지 않다. 무엇을 태동시킬 수 있는 원천적 힘이다. 이 심성의 충동은 욕망이다. 초월적 목표가 내재하는 행위자이다. 따라서 공허한 구체성을 물체적 향유로 체화시킨다. 화이트헤드의 이성은 욕망을 떠날 수 없다. 성리학을 창달한 북송의 정이천 역시 본체는 현상을 떠날 수 없다 갈파한다. 화이트헤드는 서양의 2000년 철학이 모두 플라톤 철학의 각주에 불과하다며 플라톤을 옹호한다. 하지만 자신만의 유기체 철학을 창조해 플라톤을 극복한다. 니체와 마르크스, 프로이드 또한 플라톤체계에 맞선 위버멘쉬들이다. 플라톤의 원죄는 자신의 이데아로 2000년간 인간을 세상에 고립시키고 인간을 소외시킨 것이다. 이데아理는 모든 현상氣과 일원적이고 유기적으로 상응한다. 화이...

Prologue.In 1887, at the age of 44, Nietzsche publishes ‘The Genealogy of Morality’. It is a time of self-reflection called Little Snow of the Winter of Fate. He closes the period of classical literature and devotes himself to existential philosophy by experience. By contrasting slave morality and master morality with a genealogical methodology, good and evil are transformed into the moral values of good and bad. Goodness affirms and elevates life with an aristocratic will. Badness...

프롤로그니체는 44세인 1887년 ‘도덕의 계보’를 출간한다. 운명의 겨울로 자기성찰의 때인 소설小雪이다. 고전문헌학의 시기를 마감하고 경험에 의한 실존철학에 매진한다. 계보적 방법론으로 노예도덕과 주인도덕을 대비함으로써 선과 악을 좋음과 나쁨의 도덕가치로 전이轉移시킨다. 좋음은 귀족적 의지로 삶을 긍정하고 고양한다. 나쁨은 노예적 의지로 삶을 부정하고 퇴행시킨다. 기독교적 관점이 아니라 채무불이행에 따른 물질적 채무개념에서 죄의 도덕적 개념을 유도한다. 잔인함을 자기멸시와 자기부정의 허무주의를 극복한 자기긍정의 축제로 이해한다. ‘도덕의 계보’는 허무의 현실을 초극하여 새로운 가치를 창조하려한 위버멘쉬의 구상이다.

We delve into Psychology of the Unconscious(In English, 2023 Revision).Prologue.Carl Gustav Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist. In 1902, he obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Zurich. He conducted extensive research under the supervision of psychologist Eugen Bleuler, who was a professor at the university. While collaborating with Freud, he began to study psychology in-depth. In 1908, at the age of 34, he co-founded the International Psychoanalytic Society with...

We delve into The Function of Reason(In English, 2023 Revision).Prologue.Whitehead (1861-1947) is a philosopher from England. He asserts that reason is an impulse toward empty concreteness. That impulse is not empty. It is a fundamental force that can give birth to something. This impulse of mind is appetition, which is an inherent agent of transcendental goals. Therefore, empty concreteness is embodied as material enjoyment. Whitehead\'s reason cannot exist without appetit...